Lebanon

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The Republic of Lebanon (Arabic الجمهورية اللبنانية) in the Middle East with its capital Beirut covers 10,452 km². It borders Syria to the north and east, Israel to the south and is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the west.

Libanon - Landkarte, Flagge und Wappen

History

In ancient times, the region was part of Mesopotamia and thus the cradle of wine culture. Part of it belonged to the Canaan of the Israelites described in the Bible. The northern part belonged to Phoenicia, which also included coastal areas of Syria. Numerous Phoenician city-states emerged in the core area on the Mediterranean coast and far beyond. The most important within today's borders of Lebanon were Berytos (Beirut), Byblos (Djebeil), Sidon (Sayda) and Tyros (Sur). The Phoenicians ruled here under the temporary strong influence of Egypt and Assyria from the 3rd millennium until the conquest by Alexander the Great (356-323 BC) in 330 BC. According to excavations in Byblos, there was already a wine-growing culture here 5,000 years ago. In Baalbek (Greek: Heliopolis), today the wine-growing centre of Lebanon in the Bekaa Valley, stands the temple to the wine god Bacchus, built in the 2nd century AD. Over the centuries, there has been an eventful history with constantly changing Christian and Islamic dominions.

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Lebanon

History

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