Syria

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The semi-presidential Republic of Syria (Arabic الجمهورية العربية السورية) in the Near East with its capital Damascus covers 185,180 km². It borders Israel and Jordan to the south, Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north and Iraq to the east. Due to the civil war, a sovereign state no longer exists.

Syrien - Landkarte, Flagge, Wappen

History

Parts of the north-east were part of the cultural landscape of Mesopotamia. The coastal area and parts of Lebanon belonged to Phoenicia in the 2nd and 1st millennium BC. The Phoenician city states located in present-day Syria were Arados (Arwad) and Ugurit (Latakia). Viticulture was already practised here at least at the beginning of the 2nd millennium. The wines were supplied to the court of the pharaohs in Egypt, among other places. The capital Damascus was founded around 1,500 BC as the centre of the Aramean Empire and is mentioned in the Bible as a wine-growing centre. In the 8th century BC, the country came under the rule of Assyria and in 64 BC it was conquered by the Romans under the general Pompey (106-48 BC). It is worth mentioning that glass was produced here as early as the 2nd century BC and the art of glassblowing was invented.

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Syria

History

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