The white grape variety originates from Portugal. Synonyms are Asal, Asal Branco, Azal, Azal Bianco, Azal da Lixa, Carvalha, Carvalhal, Espinheira, Gadelhudo and Pinheira. It should not be confused with the varieties Amaral (Azal Tinto) or Alvarinho (Azal Blanco) due to common synonyms or morphological similarities. According to DNA analyses, Azal is closely related to the varieties Arinto, Loureiro and Trajadura. However, the parentage is unknown. The variety was a crossing partner in the new variety Barcelo. The late-ripening vine is susceptible to fungal diseases such as powdery and downy mildew, as well as botrytis. It produces fresh, acidic white wines with aromas of lemons and green apples. The variety is mainly cultivated in the Beiras, Douro and Minho or Vinho Verde areas. In 2016, a total of 1,443 hectares of vines were reported in Portugal (Kym Anderson statistics).
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