The red grape variety originates from Portugal. Synonyms grouped alphabetically by country are Sousao, Souzao (California); Espadeiro Basto, Espadeiro da Tinta, Espadeiro de Basto, Espadeiro Preto, Negrão, Negrão pe de Perdiz, Pinhão, Sousão, Sousão de Correr, Sousão Forte, Souzão, Souzão Forte, Tinta, Tinta Nacional, Tinto Antigo, Tinto de Parada, Tinto Nacional (Portugal); Azal Tinto, Caíño Gordo, Loureira Tinta, Negron, Pazao, Retinto, Sousón, Sousón Retinto, Tinta de Luzin, Tinta País, Tintilla, Vinon (Spain). The parentage (parentage) is unknown, but some DNA analyses brought important findings. The varieties Sezao (Sousão) and Vinhão are probably identical. There is a parent-offspring relationship with the often confused variety Amaral. Direct descendants are the new variety Argaman as well as the two varieties Padeiro and Tinta Mesquita through presumably natural crossings. The grape variety picture is taken from the work "Ampélographie - Traité général de viticulture" by Victor Vermorel and Pierre Viala, published in 1910.
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