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Lexicon
The largest wine encyclopedia in the world with 25,245 Terms.
0-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Vine enemies

The numerous enemies of the grapevine are divided into the groups of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and viruses, as well as animal pests, which act indirectly through the transmission of diseases or directly through, for example, root feeding or secondary damage such as rot. In addition, some diseases are also caused by nutrient deficiencies. Many diseases are of European origin, some were "imported" from America from the middle of the 19th century. These were, in that order, phylloxera, powdery mild ew (oidium), downy mildew (peronospora) and black rot (which were called the "four great plagues"), and as late as the 1940s, flavescence dorée (golden yellowing).

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The world's largest Lexikon of wine terms.

25.245 Keywords · 47.219 Synonyms · 5.306 Translations · 30.557 Pronunciations · 168.303 Cross-references
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