The roots of the vine can penetrate up to 15 to 20 meters deep depending on the soil type as well as the geology and climate conditions. However, they cannot absorb the nutrients in solid form. Weathering breaks down the substances into tiny particles, which can then be absorbed by the root in a watery solution. The soil water containing the nutrients is referred to as soil solution.
The uptake of nutrients in ionic form primarily occurs through the roots. The uptake is mainly limited to gas exchange such as carbon dioxide and oxygen and the regulation of the water balance. Water is released in the form of water vapor (transpiration). This helps the plant to release excess heat and absorb nutrients from the soil through the transpiration stream. However, other substances in dissolved form can also be absorbed through the leaves via foliar fertilization.
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Thomas Götz
Weinberater, Weinblogger und Journalist; Schwendi