The Republic of Poland (Polish: Polska) in Central Europe with its capital Warsaw (Polish: Warszawa) covers 312,696 km². The country borders the Baltic Sea and Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast) to the north, Lithuania, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south and Germany to the west.
In the Middle Ages, East German viticulture extended as far as Pomerania and East Prussia, as many place names testify. At its peak, the area under vines totalled around 4,000 hectares. Around 50 kilometres from Zielona Góra (Grünberg) in western Polish Silesia, Cistercian monks from Klasztor Paradyż (Paradise Monastery) established the first vineyards as early as 1250. Incidentally, the traditional wine festival "Winobranie"(grape harvest) has been held here every year since 1852.
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