In 1993, the independent states of Slovakia and the Czech Republic were formed from the former entire state of Czechoslovakia. Wine-growing has a common history that goes back to the Celts. In the 3rd century A.D., under Emperor Marcus Aurelius Probus (232-282), Roman legionnaires advanced as far as southern Moravia and planted vineyards in what is now the Znojemská region. Wine growing reached its first heyday in the 9th century at the time of the Great Moravian Empire. As in many other countries, monasteries in particular had a positive influence, as they needed wine for mass. The Premonstratensian monastery of Louka near Znojmo, founded in 1190, was particularly noteworthy. This order was strongly influenced by the Cistercian ideals and, just like the monastery, was engaged in professional viticulture. During the Middle Ages there were flourishing vineyards around many towns and monasteries. The Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) brought about a great decline. Mildew and phylloxera, which first appeared in Satov in 1890, took care of the rest.
In the 20th century a reconstruction took place with newly planted, international grape varieties. The vineyards in the Czech Republic belong to the northern growing areas of Europe. In 2012, 470,000 hectolitres of wine were produced from 17,000 hectares of vineyards. There are 384 winegrowing communities with around 19,000 winegrowers, often with the smallest areas of less than one hectare. The Czech Republic is divided into the two historical landscapes Čechy (Bohemia) and Morava (Moravia), which also gave the two wine-growing regions (with a total of six sub-regions) their names. The climate is continental, with a warm and dry vegetation period and a dry, cool autumn. Two thirds of the production are white wines and one third are red wines. The grape variety table 2010:
