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The region in Portugal lies between Lisbon in the north, the border with Spain in the east, the Algarve region in the south and the Atlantic Ocean in the west. The entire region is classified under Alentajano as IGP for country wines. The vineyards cover 20,000 hectares of vines. Within the area defined as DOC are the eight sub-areas of Borba, Évora, Granja-Amareleja, Moura, Portalegre, Redondo, Reguengos and Vidigueira. These were formerly declared as IPR areas (DOC precursor) (which still appears on older labels ), but are now listed as optional sub-areas alongside DOC Alentejo. Viticulture was established here by the Phoenicians long before the turn of time. The Romans who came afterwards named the newly conquered province Lusitania and brought their viticultural knowledge and vines with them. After Roman rule, however, viticulture led a shadowy existence for many centuries. Until the end of the 1970s, Alentejo was not known for its wine, but mainly for its huge wheat fields (therefore also called the "bread basket of Portugal"), for its numerous olive trees and for the cork oak forests scattered among the wheat fields. More than half of the world's cork production comes from Portugal, and by far the largest part of that from Alentejo.

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