Term for a branch of molecular biology for researching the structure of the genome (the entirety of genetic material in an organism) and the function and interaction of genes (the hereditary factors localised on the DNA strand in the chromosomes of each cell nucleus). Genetic engineering or genetic engineering is the application of genetic methods in practice and usually involves the artificial manipulation of genes with the aim of introducing desired, previously non-existent characteristics, such as resistance to fungal diseases, into an existing organism through the technically feasible implantation of individual replicated foreign genes from foreign organisms into the genome of a variety or breed.
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Egon Mark
Diplom-Sommelier, Weinakademiker und Weinberater, Volders (Österreich)