The biochemical process in plants (i.e. respiration, also known as dissimilation), which provides the energy that is absolutely necessary for growth, as in the case of the vine. This can also be described as the counterpart of photosynthesis, because the reverse of photosynthesis (as in humans and animals) consumes oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, and no sunlight is needed directly. Indirectly, however, the process is also dependent on sunlight because it requires or consumes some of the substances produced during photosynthesis for respiration. In contrast to photosynthesis at night, amino acids, acids, starch and sugar are split up to produce energy. Among other things, malic acid is decomposed. High temperature can cause heat stress, which increases the respiration rate enormously by twice as much with an increase of 10 °Celsius. This results in the phenomenon of low-acid wines in very hot wine-growing regions.