In the taxonomic system, the grapevine is assigned to the subclass Rosidae (rose plants), the order Vitales (vine plants), the family Vitaceae (vine plants) and the genus Vitis, the grapevines (see Vine systematics). It is a climbing plant that originally climbed up trees. A grapevine can grow to enormous proportions and, in extreme cases, can be over 300 years old.
The morphology (appearance) of a vine is divided into three main organs: roots, shoot axis (stem with shoots) and leaves. The entire root system lies underground, most of it at a depth of 20 to 50 centimetres, although this is of course highly dependent on the type of soil. This anchors the vine in the soil and supplies it with everything it needs, such as water and nutrients.
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Egon Mark
Diplom-Sommelier, Weinakademiker und Weinberater, Volders (Österreich)