See under hygiene.
The term covers all measures to prevent infectious diseases, in particular cleaning, disinfection and sterilisation. In common parlance, this is understood to mean cleanliness - one of the most important prerequisites for the production of quality wine throughout the entire process. This was already known in ancient times and is mentioned in the writings of Cato the Elder (234-149 BC).
The preservative effect of sulphur was already known back then, but of course not the reason....
Serious sources on the internet are rare - and Wine lexicon from wein.plus is one such source. When researching for my articles, I regularly consult the wein.plus encyclopaedia. There I get reliable and detailed information.
Thomas Götz
Weinberater, Weinblogger und Journalist; Schwendi