In 2003, Spain introduced a new wine quality level for privileged areas, which correspond to a DO (Vino de Pago) or DOCa (Vino de Pago Calificado) classification. However, these are still higher and form the top of the quality pyramid. The designation is somewhat confusing, as these areas are often referred to as individual vineyards, although this is not mandatory. A "Vino de Pago" is a region with an edaphic character (soil-dependent, climatically conditioned vegetation). It must have its own microclimate that distinguishes it from its surroundings. The area must be traditionally known for producing special qualities of wine. The name should have been used as a designation for special wines for at least five years. The conditions for Vino-de-Pago status must be determined by each autonomous region of Spain. The bodega must submit a formal application for this and document for five years the required special features regarding climate, soil types, vegetation cycle, etc.
A vino-de-pago area may not be the same size or larger than the municipal district in which it is located. There must be a quality control system that at least meets the guidelines for a DOCa. If the entire area is within a DOCa, the designation "Vino de Pago Calificado" may be used if the defined DOCa requirements are at least fulfilled. Derived from this rule, the area does not necessarily have to be within a DO or DOCa area. A Vino-de-Pago area can also consist of different, locally separate vineyards in one area. The individual sub-areas do not have to be connected. However, they should be located close to the winery. The wines must be vinified separately from the others in the estate and the process of vinification must be clearly traceable.
However, the quality grade Vino de Pago must not be confused with the Spanish term Pago, which actually corresponds to the term single vineyard. There are many single vineyards in Spain defined as Pago, but they are not (but could be) classified as Vino de Pago and are marketed under the name of the DO concerned, such as Ribera del Duero. In contrast, the Vino de Pagos are marketed as a separate area like a DO. By their very nature, they are all owned by one winery. Dominio de Valdepusa was first defined in June 2002 in La Mancha at the instigation of the Marqués de Griñón, whose civil name was already legendary during his lifetime, Carlos Falcó, and was only subsequently recognised by the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture one year later. The legal approval by the EU was then given in April 2004 and the 17 areas classified as Vinos de Pago are