Meiosis

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Term (from the Greek μείωσις meiosis for reduction, diminution or mature division) for a special form of cell division that only occurs in germ cells and serves to reduce the diploid (double) set of chromosomes of the primordial germ cells to the haploid (single) set of germ cells. This allows the number of chromosomes to be kept constant over generations. This is an important prerequisite for sexual reproduction, in which gametes (sex cells such as male pollen/sperm and female egg cells), in plants in the ovule, fuse together.

Gametes are formed in eukaryotic organisms (humans, animals, plants, fungi). Eukaryotes are all living organisms whose cells have a nucleus. This is separated from the cytoplasm by a double membrane (nuclear envelope). The entire genome (genetic material) of the cell in the form of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is located in the round-shaped cell nucleus. In contrast, prokaryotes such as bacteria or archaea do not have a nucleus.

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Meiosis

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Meiosis

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