The region with the capital Bologna is located in the north of Italy and stretches from the Adriatic Sea in the east with the Romagna region to the inland Emilia region in the west. In the north, the Po forms the border with the Lombardy region, while in the south the Apennines form the almost 300 kilometre-long border with the Liguria and Tuscany regions. The western part of Emilia was divided into the duchies of Parma and Modena, which were a constant bone of contention between the Habsburgs and Bourbons. The name derives from the Via Aemilia, which was built by the Romans in 187 BC. The eastern part of Romagna belonged to the Papal States of the Vatican for several centuries.
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