Name or symptom of the grapevine disease black spot disease; see there.
Black spot disease (excoriosis, phomopsis, shoot necrosis) is a fungal disease of grapevines that is widespread throughout the world. However, it should not be confused with black rot, black foot disease or black wood disease due to the similarity in name. It was recognised and identified in France in 1853 under the name "punctuated anthracnose". The "black burner" mentioned in the middle of the 19th century is probably the same disease due to the symptoms. Anthracnose, which is sometimes thought to be identical, shows similar symptoms but is caused by a different fungus (Elsinoe ampelina).
It is caused by the fungus "Phomopsis viticola" (Phomopsis type 2). The Australian Phomopsis type 1 is harmless to the grapevine. Infection occurs when there is abundant rainfall and high humidity at the time of budding. The fungus nests in the wood and bark. Spores can be transmitted by...
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