A sweet reserve (to increase the residual sugar content) must be "desulphurised" using sulphur to prevent fermentation. However, it must be desulphurised again before being added to the wine. Physical-mechanical desulphurisation systems are used for this purpose. The grape must is heated to 100 °Celsius and filled into the system from above. As it passes through the so-called bell bottoms (horizontal perforated plates whose openings are extended upwards by tubes), the sulphur dioxide is largely released. This in turn is bound by injected nitrogen and removed from the system. After cooling and clarifying the must, it can be added to the wine. The spinning cone column process is also suitable for desulphurisation.
The glossary is a monumental achievement and one of the most important contributions to wine knowledge. Of all the encyclopaedias I use on the subject of wine, it is by far the most important. That was the case ten years ago and it hasn't changed since.
Andreas Essl
Autor, Modena