Name (also amphora) for a bulbous, narrow-necked vessel, preferably made of clay, but also earthenware, bronze and, more rarely, glass. The Greek name is derived from the fact that the vessel could be "carried by two handles" (amphí = on both sides, phérein = to carry). This was done by two people for larger volumes. Amphorae were probably invented by the Canaanites, the ancestors of the Phoenicians, and brought to Egypt in 1500 BC. They became the most popular vessel in antiquity, used for all kinds of liquids, especially oil and wine. The Greeks brought them as far as China.
The picture on the left shows amphorae from the ancient harbour town of Gnathia (near present-day Fasano in Apulia, Italy). The picture on the right shows amphorae from Croatia (Makarska City Museum south of Split in Dalmatia).
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Thorsten Rahn
Restaurantleiter, Sommelier, Weindozent und Autor; Dresden