The Italian breeder Frederico Paulsen was the first director of the State Vine Grafting Station for American Vines "Vivaio Governativo di Viti Americane" in Palermo (Sicily) from 1885 to 1937, and from 1892 onwards he created numerous records mainly with the species Vitis berlandieri x Vitis rupestris. These can be grouped into the three series Vitis berlandieri Résséguier N 2 x Vitis rupestris du Lot, Vitis berlandieri x Vitis rupestris Martin and Vitis berlandieri Résséguier N 2 x Vitis rupestris métallique. The most internationally known one is 1103 Paulsen; see underneath.
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