Turbidity

Term for the subjective, optical impression of a solid, gas or liquid that is transparent in its "normal state". It is caused by small particles that have a different refractive index from the carrier material or cause adsorption. In the past, the turbidity of a liquid was measured using a transparent container. On the back of the container was a viewing plate (similar to an eye test by an ophthalmologist), which was viewed through the liquid. The barely legible number corresponded to the measured turbidity.

Turbidity units

However, this method was very imprecise and depended on the subjective perception of the test person, which varied greatly from person to person. In order to be able to measure turbidity in a comparable way, the standard turbidity liquid Formazin was created. Turbidity units are FAU, FNU, FTU and TE/F (in water treatment) as well as EBC (European international unit, used in the brewing industry for beers ). The picture on the left shows a turbidity chart, the picture on the right shows various samples with 5, 50 and 500 FTU (Formazine Turbidity Unit).

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