Water extraction is one aspect of the complex process of water balance in plants. Other components are water storage capacity and water stress (see details there).
Soil water cycle: 1 = Precipitation, 2 = evaporation, 3 = water runoff, 4 = vegetation, 5 = soil, 6 = Adhesive water, 7 = seepage water & settling water, 8 = Groundwater & backwater, 9 = impermeable layer, 10 = capillary rise, 11 = infiltration, 12 = unsaturated transport, 13 = saturated transport
Water is essential for photosynthesis and the supply of nutrients to the vine. For effective utilisation, it must be drained off quickly by running off or seeping into the soil. If necessary, this must be ensured by artificially created measures. This is supported by a cover crop or an organic mulch cover. In extreme cases, an artificial drainage system must be installed at great expense. The vineyards of the Médoc were only transformed from a "swampland" into today's world-famous wine-growing region in the 17th century through elaborate drainage and drainage measures.
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For my many years of work as an editor with a wine and culinary focus, I always like to inform myself about special questions at Wine lexicon. Spontaneous reading and following links often leads to exciting discoveries in the wide world of wine.
Dr. Christa Hanten
Fachjournalistin, Lektorin und Verkosterin, Wien