Term (red earth) for red to brown-red, iron-rich soil types that form predominantly over limestone and are particularly widespread in the Mediterranean region (southern Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, partly also in the USA). These are loam or clay soils whose characteristic colouring is caused by a high proportion of iron oxides (especially haematite). The topsoil often lies directly above a highly water-permeable limestone layer (red limestone loam). A high proportion of insoluble limestone residues is also typical.
Terra Rossa soils dry quickly on the surface in summer, but have a good water retention capacity due to their clay content at depth. They are well aerated and warm up quickly. These properties promote deep rooting of the vines, limit the yield and favour high quality grapes.
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