The Republic of Slovenia (Slovenija in Slovenian), with its capital Ljubljana, covers an area of 20,273 square kilometres. The country borders Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the east and Croatia to the south-east. After the end of the Second World War in 1945, Slovenia existed as a constituent republic of socialist Yugoslavia. Following the declaration of independence in 1991 and the 10-day war, Slovenia became an independent nation state.

The first vines were planted by the Celts around 2,400 years ago. The Romans influenced viticulture, particularly in the Poetovium region (Ptuj = Pettau). The Roman wine writer Pliny the Elder (23-79) mentioned viticulture in the Karst region and described these wines as the elixir of life. Viticulture came to a standstill again during the Migration Period. In the Middle Ages, the wines were prized at the courts of imperial Vienna and archiepiscopal Salzburg. The Austrian Archduke Johann (1782-1859) owned a model vineyard near Maribor (Marburg). The influences of its long affiliation with Austria-Hungary can still be felt today. As in the whole of Europe, large areas of vineyards fell victim to phylloxera in the second half of the 19th century.
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