Term (Greek plasmo = structure, desma = ribbon) for certain cellular structures that occur exclusively in higher plant cells and belong to the organelles. They connect neighbouring plant cells through wave-like channels and enable the exchange of substances and information between the cells. In grapevines, they play a role in the transport of sugar, water, phytohormones (chemical messengers) and defence signals, among other things. They are thus involved in supplying the berries, in ripening processes and in plant reactions to stress factors such as drought or pathogens; see also under DNA.
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