The red grape variety originates from Italy. Synonyms are Duracino, Occhialina, Pignoca, Pignola di San Colombano, Pignul, Pignuola, Pignuolo, Rognosa, Schiettarola Nera, Spampignolo and Uva Pignola di San Colombano. The name derives from the elongated grape shape (pigna = pine cone). It must not be confused with the varieties Aglianico, Pignola Valtellinese or (the white) Pignoletto, despite seemingly suggestive synonyms or morphological similarities. The late-maturing vine is susceptible to powdery mildew. It produces dark-coloured, fruity red wines with velvety tannins and aromas of plums and liquorice. The variety has been known in Friuli Venezia Giulia since the 17th century. It was mentioned in praise by Abbot Giobatta Michieli in his book "Bacchus in Friuli" and the wine made from it was praised as "excellent black wine". The variety, which was threatened with extinction after the phylloxera catastrophe, was successfully reactivated in the 1970s with offshoots from rediscovered vines over a hundred years old. It is permitted in the Colli Orientali del Friuli DOC wine. In 2016, 50 hectares of vines were designated (Kym Anderson).
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