The Republic of Peru (Spanish: Perú) in western South America with the capital Lima covers 1,285,216 km². It borders Ecuador and Colombia to the north, Brazil to the east, Bolivia to the south-east, Chile to the south and the Pacific Ocean to the west. The northernmost point of the country is about 4 kilometres south of the equator. The special feature of Peru is that it extends over three landscape zones with completely different climatic conditions. These are Costa (coast, 2,400 km) with 12%, Sierra (Andes, highlands) with 28% and Selva (rainforest, cloud and cloud forest) with 60% of the country's area.
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