Term (also field selection, French: selection massale; massale = mass) for the selection of certain vines with desired positive characteristics such as high yield, desired time of ripening, grape shape (e.g. loose grapes) or resistance (e.g. to frost, drought, fungi) for the purpose of reproduction. These are also called elite vines or mother vines and are determined through many years of observation. In this vineyard, depending on the number of vines, this can be one, several or very many. From the selected vines, branches are cut and grafted onto suitable rootstocks. These are then used to replace vines that are dead, diseased or need to be removed for other reasons. In this way, one can gradually renew an entire vineyard.
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