The Portuguese archipelago of Madeira, with Funchal as its capital, covers a total of 801 square kilometres. It is located in the Atlantic Ocean 550 kilometres north of the Canary Islands, which belong to Spain. Madeira is 951 kilometres from the Portuguese mainland and 737 kilometres from the coast of Africa at the level of Morocco. 1,183 kilometres to the northwest is the Azores archipelago, which also belongs to Portugal. The largest island, Madeira (741 km²), together with the island of Porto Santo (42.5 km²) and the uninhabited archipelago of IlhasDesertas (14 km²), form the Madeira archipelago, as well as the Autonomous Region of Madeira with the likewise uninhabited Ilhas Selvagens. Madeira was formed in several volcanically active phases and consists of jagged volcanic rock, especially on the coast.
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