The Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian ايران, also known colloquially as Persia before 1935 at international level) in the Near East with its capital Tehran covers 1,648,195 km². It borders Iraq, Azerbaijan, Turkey and Armenia to the west and north-west, Turkmenistan to the north-east and east, and Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east and south-east. Iran is bordered to the north by the Caspian Sea and to the south by the Persian Gulf. The Islamic Republic was founded in 1979 following the flight of Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi (1919-1980) into exile and the return of Ayatollah Khomeini (1902-1989) from exile in France.
![]()
The wein.plus encyclopaedia is a comprehensive, well-researched reference work. Available anytime and anywhere, it has become an indispensable part of teaching, used by students and myself alike. Highly recommended!
Dominik Trick
Technischer Lehrer, staatl. geprüfter Sommelier, Hotelfachschule Heidelberg