Term (inert = inactive, uninvolved) for inert substances that do not participate in chemical processes because they do not contain oxygen. These are primarily the noble gases argon, helium, krypton, neon, radon and xenon, as well as inert gases such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide. In viticulture, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and argon in particular are used as protective gases to prevent unwanted oxidation in wine containers or during bottling. This also prevents the formation of mould caused by bacteria.

Bottle(left) - Preparation: An empty or partially filled bottle is flushed with the desired inert gas (e.g. nitrogen, argon or carbon dioxide) to displace the air from inside the wine bottle.
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