The parliamentary republic of Greece in south-east Europe with its capital Athens covers 131,957 km². It borders Albania and North Macedonia to the north, Bulgaria to the north-east and Turkey to the east. The country is located on the eastern Mediterranean and is geographically made up of the Greek mainland at the southern end of the Balkans, the Peloponnese peninsula (separated from the mainland by the construction of the Corinth Canal) and numerous islands.
The mainland accounts for 106,915 km², 25,042 km² (just under 19%) are spread over 3,054 islands, 87 of which are inhabited. The most important island groups in terms of viticulture are located in the Aegean Sea (e.g. Crete, Lesbos, Limnos, Mykonos, Paros, Rhodes, Samos, Santorini, Thasos) and in the Ionian Sea (e.g. Kefallonia, Corfu, Lefkada, Kythera, Paxos, Zakynthos). Viticulture is practised on the mainland and on numerous islands. Most of the wine-growing areas are located near the coast.
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