The grape variety is a complex new breeding between (Cardinal x Sultana) x ((Red Malaga x Tifafihi Ahmer) x (Muscat d'Alexandrie x Thompson Seedless)). Synonyms are F32-137, Flaim Sidles, Flem Sidles, Red Flame, Red Flame Seedless, Heike, Heike Kernlos and Heike Seedless. The cross was made in 1961 in the USA by the two breeders John H. Weinberger and F. N. Harmon. The seedless variety is mainly used as table grape, but also partly as wine grape. It is widely grown in the USA (California) and Australia, but is becoming increasingly important worldwide and is one of the leading table grapes. It is grown as a wine gra pe in Ethiopia (13 ha) and Peru (42 ha). In 2016, a total of 55 hectares of vines were reported (Kym Anderson statistics). A mutation discovered and selected by private breeder Robert O. Bianco is the Queen Arlene variety.
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Diplom-Sommelier, Weinakademiker und Weinberater, Volders (Österreich)