The French oenologist Prof. Dr. Alain Carbonneau obtained the title of Ingénieur Agronome at the University of Montpellier (Languedoc-Roussillon) in 1971 and a doctorate in oenology at the University of Bordeaux in 1980. From 1993 to 2009, he held a chair in viticulture at the university department "École Nationale Supérieur Agronomique" in Montpellier. His main research interests were in the fields of training methods with the Lyra training system developed by him and canopy management, as well as the effects of microclimate and physiology of the vine on wine quality. From 1972 to 1992, he was a research associate at INRA in Bordeaux. He was also particularly involved in the cultivation of new varieties resistant to various diseases such as powdery and downy mildew. After the INRA activity he was president of the GIESCO (Group of international Experts for Cooperation on Vitivinicultural Systems). Carbonneau published over 400 publications, including the two works shown below with co-authors.