Aspergillus

Genus of moulds with around 350 species. The name is derived from the very striking appearance of the fungus under the microscope, which is reminiscent of the eponymous aspergillus (holy water frond) or a watering can head when watering (escaping water). This is why the term watering can mould is sometimes used. Aspergilli are aerobic organisms found in almost all oxygen-rich environments. As a rule, these moulds like to grow on carbohydrate-rich substrates, but especially on glucose (grape sugar).

Aspergillus - Pilz und Hypengeflecht

This is why sugar-rich grapes are particularly susceptible to grape rot, for which the species Aspergillus absidia, among others, is responsible. The species Aspergillus niger (black mould) is used for the production of the enzymes lysozyme and pectinases used in winemaking. This is also used for the production of citric acid. The species Aspergillus oryzae is used as a fermentation agent in the production of rice wine. Some species form mycotoxins (fungal toxins) through metabolic processes and are pathogenic (disease-causing) to humans for allergies and infections. Such are aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A (may be present in grapes and wine) and patulin.

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Aspergillus

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