The red grape variety originates from Spain. The hundred or so synonyms testify to its great age and widespread distribution in many countries. The most important of these, grouped alphabetically by country, are (the other main names are marked in bold) Mataro(Australia, California); Balsac Noir, Balthazar, Balzac, Balzac Noir, Balzar, Beausset, Bon Avis, Catalan, Clairette Noir, Clairette Noire, Damas Noir, Espagnen, Espar, Etrangle Chien, Marseillais, Morvede, Merle d'Espagne, Mourvede, Mourvedon, Mourvèdre, Mourvèdre Famellestadt, Murviedro, Plant de Ledenon, Plant de Saint Gilles (France); Negria (Greece); Uva Tinta (Italy); Rossola Nera (Corsica); Alcallata, Alcayata, Alicante, Benada, Benadu, Bani Carlo, Berardi, Casca, Caymilari Sarda, Del Reyno, Garrut, Gayata, Gayata Tinta, Mataró, Monastel, Monastre, Monastrel, Monastrell Garrut, Monastrell Menudo, Monastrell Verdadero, Morastrell, Negrette, Negre Trinchiera, Negron, Ros, Tinta, Tintilla, Torrentes, Trinchiera, Verema, Veremeta, Vereneta (Spain).
Origin
The variety was mentioned as early as 1381 in Empordà (Catalonia) by the monk Francisc Eiximenis (1340-1409) together with Bobal as the most important varieties in Valencia. The name probably derives from "monasterio" (monastery). This indicates that the variety was first cultivated and propagated by monks. The exact origin is probably the area around the town of Sagunto in the province of Valencia. Sagunto was an important wine port north of Valencia and was called Murviedro in...
