Air humidity

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Term (also humidity) for the proportion of water vapour in the gas mixture in the earth's atmosphere or in rooms. Liquid water such as raindrops and fog droplets, as well as ice (hail) or snow crystals, however, are not included. Humidity is one of the many factors in the weather and in the long-term weather pattern of the climate. Individual water molecules always transfer from the volume of water to the volume of air from the free surfaces of bodies of water (rivers, lakes, oceans). Absolute humidity is the amount of gaseous water vapour contained in one cubic metre of air, usually expressed in g/m3.

Relative humidity

The most commonly used measure, however, is relative humidity (RH), which is the ratio of the actual amount of water vapour contained in the air to the maximum possible amount, measured in %. However, the air can only absorb a limited amount of water vapour. The warmer the air, the higher this saturation quantity: 50 g at 40 °Celsius, 200 g at 65 °Celsius and 600 g at 100 °Celsius. If the saturation quantity is exceeded, tiny water droplets form in the form of mist due to condensation, as well as dew on surfaces close to the ground.

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